Blar i forfatter "Burmester, Thorsten"

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    • Elevated antioxidant defence in the brain of deep-diving pinnipeds 

      Martens, Gerrit A.; Folkow, Lars; Burmester, Thorsten; Geßner, Cornelia (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-12-16)
      While foraging, marine mammals undertake repetitive diving bouts. When the animal surfaces, reperfusion makes oxygen readily available for the electron transport chain, which leads to increased production of reactive oxygen species and risk of oxidative damage. In blood and several tissues, such as heart, lung, muscle and kidney, marine mammals generally exhibit an elevated antioxidant defence. ...

    • The roles of brain lipids and polar metabolites in the hypoxia tolerance of deep-diving pinnipeds 

      Martens, Gerrit A.; Geßner, Cornelia; Folkow, Lars; Creydt, Marina; Fischer, Markus; Burmester, Thorsten (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-04-14)
      Lipids make up more than half of the human brain's dry weight, yet the composition and function of the brain lipidome is not well characterized. Lipids not only provide the structural basis of cell membranes, but also take part in a wide variety of biochemical processes. In neurodegenerative diseases, lipids can facilitate neuroprotection and serve as diagnostic biomarkers. The study of organisms ...

    • Transcriptome analysis identifies key metabolic changes in the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) brain in response to hypoxia and reoxygenation 

      Hoff, Mariana Leivas Müller; Fabrizius, Andrej; Czech-Damal, Nicole U.; Folkow, Lars; Burmester, Thorsten (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-01-03)
      The brain of diving mammals tolerates low oxygen conditions better than the brain of most terrestrial mammals. Previously, it has been demonstrated that the neurons in brain slices of the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) withstand hypoxia longer than those of mouse, and also tolerate reduced glucose supply and high lactate concentrations. This tolerance appears to be accompanied by a shift in the ...

    • Transcriptome analysis reveals a high aerobic capacity in the whale brain 

      Kruger, Alena; Fabrizius, Andrej; Mikkelsen, Bjarni; Siebert, Ursula; Folkow, Lars; Burmester, Thorsten (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-10-30)
      The brain of diving mammals is repeatedly exposed to low oxygen conditions (hypoxia) that would have caused severe damage to most terrestrial mammals. Some whales may dive for > 2 h with their brain remaining active. Many of the physiological adaptations of whales to diving have been investigated, but little is known about the molecular mechanisms that enable their brain to survive sometimes ...

    • Transcriptomes Suggest That Pinniped and Cetacean Brains Have a High Capacity for Aerobic Metabolism While Reducing Energy-Intensive Processes Such as Synaptic Transmission 

      Geßner, Cornelia; Krüger, Alena; Folkow, Lars; Fehrle, Wilfrid; Mikkelsen, Bjarni; Burmester, Thorsten (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-05-09)
      The mammalian brain is characterized by high energy expenditure and small energy reserves, making it dependent on continuous vascular oxygen and nutritional supply. The brain is therefore extremely vulnerable to hypoxia. While neurons of most terrestrial mammals suffer from irreversible damage after only short periods of hypoxia, neurons of the deep-diving hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) show ...

    • When the brain goes diving: transcriptome analysis reveals a reduced aerobic energy metabolism and increased stress proteins in the seal brain 

      Fabrizius, Andrej; Hoff, Mariana Leivas Müller; Engler, Gerhard; Folkow, Lars; Burmester, Thorsten (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-08-09)
      <b>Background: </b>During long dives, the brain of whales and seals experiences a reduced supply of oxygen (hypoxia). The brain neurons of the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) are more tolerant towards low-oxygen conditions than those of mice, and also better survive other hypoxia-related stress conditions like a reduction in glucose supply and high concentrations of lactate. Little is known ...